• Replacement name for Formica rufa schmidti Ruzsky, 1926. [Junior primary homonym of †Liometopum schmidtii Heer, 1849.]
• [Note: Formica aquilonia Yarrow, 1955a junior synonym of Formica rufa schmidti Ruzsky, 1926 (synonymy by Dlussky, 1967a: 90); hence Formica aquilonia Yarrow, 1955a first available replacement name (Bolton, 1995b: 191).]
• Status as species: Betrem, 1960b: 79 (in key); Dlussky, 1965a: 42 (in key); Dlussky, 1967a: 90; Bernard, 1967a: 316 (redescription); Kutter, 1968b: 61; Kutter, 1968c: 206; Pisarski, 1969a: 234; Baroni Urbani, 1971c: 217; Collingwood, 1971: 168; Dlussky & Pisarski, 1971: 182 (redescription); Banert & Pisarski, 1972: 355; Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 7 (in key); Pisarski, 1975: 48; Kutter, 1977c: 271; Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 554 (in key); Collingwood, 1979: 144; Douwes, 1979: 187; Kupyanskaya, 1980: 105; Douwes, 1981b: 217; Kupyanskaya, 1986b: 98; Agosti & Collingwood, 1987a: 59; Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 287 (in key); Nilsson & Douwes, 1987: 86; Gösswald, 1989: 19; Wu, 1990: 6 (in key); Kupyanskaya, 1990a: 197; Atanassov & Dlussky, 1992: 276; Radchenko, 1994b: 114 (in key); Douwes, 1995: 98; Bolton, 1995b: 191; Poldi et al., 1995: 8; Wu & Wang, 1995a: 145; Espadaler, 1997g: 27; Gallé et al., 1998: 218; Czechowski et al., 2002: 75; Radchenko, 2005b: 161; Petrov, 2006: 113 (in key); Bračko, 2007: 19; Pfeiffer et al., 2007: 4; Seifert, 2007: 315; Werner & Wiezik, 2007: 143; Zryanin & Zryanina, 2007: 233; Gratiashvili & Barjadze, 2008: 132; Casevitz-Weulersse & Galkowski, 2009: 481; Lapeva-Gjonova et al., 2010: 47; Boer, 2010: 25; Czechowski et al., 2012: 198; Guénard & Dunn, 2012: 31; Borowiec, 2014: 72; Lebas et al., 2016: 172; Radchenko, 2016: 288; Steiner et al., 2017: 8; Seifert, 2018: 325; Werner et al., 2018: 6; Seifert, 2021: 158 (diagnosis); Bračko, 2023: 165.
• [Note: Seifert, 2018: 325; Seifert, 2021: 155, 156, 173 reports on Formica aquilonia × Formica polyctena hybrids.]
• [Note: Seifert, 2021: 152, 173 reports on Formica aquilonia × Formica lugubris hybrids.]
• [Note: Seifert, 2021: 152, 175 reports on Formica aquilonia × Formica paralugubris hybrids.]

Citations

• Agosti, D.; Collingwood, C. A. 1987a. A provisional list of the Balkan ants (Hym. Formicidae) and a key to the worker caste. I. Synonymic list. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 60:51-62. PDF
• Agosti, D.; Collingwood, C. A. 1987b. A provisional list of the Balkan ants (Hym. Formicidae) with a key to the worker caste. II. Key to the worker caste, including the European species without the Iberian. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 60:261-293. PDF
• Arnol'di, K. V.; Dlussky, G. M. 1978. Superfam. Formicoidea. 1. Fam. Formicidae - ants. [In Russian.]. Pp. 519-556 in: Medvedev, G. S. (ed.) 1978. Keys to the insects of the European part of the USSR. Vol. 3. Hymenoptera. Part 1. [In Russian.]. Opredeliteli Faune SSSR 119:3-584.
• Atanassov, N.; Dlussky, G. M. 1992. Fauna of Bulgaria. Hymenoptera, Formicidae. [In Bulgarian.]. Fauna na Bûlgariya 22:1-310.
• Banert, P.; Pisarski, B. 1972. Mrówki (Formicidae) Sudetów. Fragmenta Faunistica (Warsaw) 18:345-359. PDF
• Baroni Urbani, C. 1971c. Catalogo delle specie di Formicidae d'Italia (Studi sulla mirmecofauna d'Italia X). Memorie della Società Entomologica Italiana 50:5-287. PDF
• Bernard, F. 1967a ("1968"). Faune de l'Europe et du Bassin Méditerranéen. 3. Les fourmis (Hymenoptera Formicidae) d'Europe occidentale et septentrionale. Paris: Masson, 411 pp. PDF
• Betrem, J. G. 1960b. Ueber die Systematik der Formica rufa-gruppe. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 103:51-81.
• Boer, P. 2010. Mieren van de Benelux. ′s-Graveland, Netherlands: Stichting Jeugdbondsuitgeverij, 183 pp.
• Bolton, B. 1995b. A new general catalogue of the ants of the world. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 504 pp.
• Bolton, B.; Collingwood, C. A. 1975. Handbooks for the identification of British Insects. Hymenoptera, Formicidae. Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects 6(3(c)):1-34.
• Borowiec, L. 2014. Catalogue of ants of Europe, the Mediterranean Basin and adjacent regions (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Genus (Wroclaw) 25 (1-2):1-340. PDF
• Bračko, G. 2007. Checklist of the ants of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Natura Sloveniae 9 (1):15-24. PDF
• Bračko, G. 2023. Atlas of the ants of Slovenia. Ljubljana: Biotechnical Faculty, 251 pp.
• Casevitz-Weulersse, J.; Galkowski, C. 2009. Liste actualisée des fourmis de France (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France 114:475-510. PDF
• Collingwood, C. A. 1971. A synopsis of the Formicidae of north Europe. Entomologist 104:150-176. PDF
• Collingwood, C. A. 1979. The Formicidae (Hymenoptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 8:1-174. PDF
• Czechowski, W.; Radchenko, A.; Czechowska, W. 2002. The ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Poland. Warsaw: Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 200 pp. PDF
• Czechowski, W.; Radchenko, A.; Czechowska, W.; Vepsäläinen, K. 2012. The ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Poland with reference to the myrmecofauna of Europe. (Fauna Poloniae n.s. 4). Warsaw: Natura Optima Dux Foundation, 496 pp.
• Dlussky, G. M. 1965a. Ants of the genus Formica L. of Mongolia and northeast Tibet (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Annales Zoologici (Warsaw) 23:15-43. PDF
• Dlussky, G. M. 1967a. Ants of the genus Formica (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, g. Formica). [In Russian.]. Moskva: Nauka Publishing House, 236 pp. PDF
• Dlussky, G. M.; Pisarski, B. 1971. Rewizja polskich gatunków mrówek (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) z rodzaju Formica L. Fragmenta Faunistica (Warsaw) 16:145-224. PDF
• Douwes, P. 1979. Formica rufa-gruppens systematik. Entomologisk Tidskrift 100:187-191. PDF
• Douwes, P. 1981b. Intraspecific and interspecific variation in workers of the Formica rufa group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Sweden. Entomologica Scandinavica. Supplementum 15:213-223. PDF
• Douwes, P. 1995. Sveriges myror. Entomologisk Tidskrift 116:83-99.
• Espadaler, X. 1997g. Catàleg de les formigues (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) dels països catalans. Sessió d'Entomologia ICHN-SCL 9:23-42. PDF
• Gallé, L.; Csősz, S.; Tartally, A.; Kovács, E. 1998. A check-list of Hungarian ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Folia Entomologica Hungarica 59:213-220.
• Gösswald, K. 1989. Die Waldameise. Band 1. Biologische Grundlagen, Ökologie und Verhalten. Wiesbaden: AULA-Verlag, xi + 660 pp.
• Gratiashvili, N.; Barjadze, S. 2008. Checklist of the ants (Formicidae Latreille, 1809) of Georgia. Proceedings of the Institute of Zoology (Tbilisi) 23:130-146. PDF
• Guénard, B.; Dunn, R. R. 2012. A checklist of the ants of China. Zootaxa 3358:1-77. PDF
• Kupyanskaya, A. N. 1980. Ants of the genus Formica Linnaeus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of the Soviet Far East. [In Russian.]. Pp. 95-108 in: Ler, P. A. (ed.) 1980. Taxonomy of insects of the Far East. [In Russian.]. Vladivostok: Akademiya Nauk SSSR, 120 pp. PDF
• Kupyanskaya, A. N. 1986b. Ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from the northern part of the Far East. [In Russian.]. Pp. 91-102 in: Ler, P. A. (ed.) 1986. Systematics and ecology of insects from the Far East. [In Russian.]. Vladivostok: Akademiya Nauk SSSR, 155 pp. PDF
• Kupyanskaya, A. N. 1990a. Ants of the Far Eastern USSR. [In Russian.]. Vladivostok: Akademiya Nauk SSSR, 258 pp.
• Kutter, H. 1968b ("1969"). Die sozialparasitischen Ameisen der Schweiz. Neujahrsblatt. Naturforschende Gesellschaft in Zürich 171:1-62. PDF
• Kutter, H. 1968c ("1967"). Liste sozialparasitischer Ameisen. Archives. Institut Grand-Ducal de Luxembourg (n.s.)33:201-210.
• Kutter, H. 1977c. Hymenoptera, Formicidae. Insecta Helvetica. Fauna 6:1-298. PDF
• Lapeva-Gjonova, A.; Antonova, V.; Radchenko, A. G.; Atanasova, M. 2010. Catalogue of the ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Bulgaria. ZooKeys 62:1-124. PDF
• Lebas, C.; Galkowski, C.; Blatrix, R.; Wegnez, P. 2016. Guide Delachaux: Fourmis d’Europe occidentale. Luçon: Delachaux et Niestlé, 415 pp.
• Nilsson, O.; Douwes, P. 1987. Norrländska myror med bestämningstabell till arbetarna. Natur i Norr 6:49-90.
• Petrov, I. 2006. The ants of Serbia and Montenegro. [In Serbian.]. Posebna Izdanja. Srpska Akademija Nauka i Umetnosti 656:1-136. PDF
• Pfeiffer, M.; Schultz, R.; Radchenko, A.; Yamane, S.; Woyciechowski, M.; Aibek, U.; Seifert, B. 2007. A critical checklist of the ants of Mongolia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Bonner Zoologische Beiträge 55:1-8. PDF
• Pisarski, B. 1969a. Fourmis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) de la Mongolie. Fragmenta Faunistica (Warsaw) 15:221-236. PDF
• Pisarski, B. 1975. Mrówki Formicoidea. Katalog Fauny Polski 26:3-85.
• Poldi, B.; Mei, M.; Rigato, F. 1995 ("1994"). Hymenoptera Formicidae. Checklist delle Specie della Fauna Italiana 102:1-10.
• Radchenko, A. 2005b. Monographic revision of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of North Korea. Annales Zoologici (Warsaw) 55:127-221. PDF
• Radchenko, A. G. 1994b. Identification table for the ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of southern Siberia. [In Russian.]. Pp. 95-118 in: Kotenko, A. G. (ed.) 1994. Hymenopterous insects of Siberia and the Far East. [In Russian.]. Trudy Zapovednika "Daurskii" 3:1-147.
• Radchenko, A. G. 2016. Ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Ukraine. National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Kiev: I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, 496 pp.
• Seifert, B. 2007. Die Ameisen Mittel- und Nordeuropas. Tauer: lutra Verlags- und Vertriebsgesellschaft, 368 pp.
• Seifert, B. 2018. The ants of Central and North Europe. Boxberg: Lutra, 407 pp.
• Seifert, B. 2021. A taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic members of the Formica rufa group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) – the famous mound-building red wood ants. Myrmecological News 31:133-179. 10.25849/myrmecol.news_031:133 PDF
• Steiner, F. M.; Ambach, J.; Glaser, F.; Wagner, H. C.; Müller, J.; Schlick-Steiner, B. C. 2017. Checklisten der Fauna Ősterreichs, No. 9: Formicidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera). Wien: Ősterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1-23.
• Werner, P.; Bezděčka, P.; Bezděčková, K.; Pech, P. 2018. An updated checklist of the ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of the Czech Republic. Acta rerum naturalium 22:5-12. PDF
• Werner, P.; Wiezik, M. 2007. Vespoidea: Formicidae (mravencovití). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae. Supplementum 11:133-164. PDF
• Wu, J. 1990. Taxonomic studies on the genus Formica L. of China (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). [In Chinese.]. Forest Research 3:1-8. PDF
• Wu, J.; Wang, C. 1995a. The ants of China. [In Chinese.]. Beijing: China Forestry Publishing House, x + 214 pp.
• Yarrow, I. H. H. 1955a. The British ants allied to Formica rufa L. (Hym., Formicidae). Transactions of the Society for British Entomology 12:1-48. PDF
• Zryanin, V. A.; Zryanina, T. A. 2007. Novye dannye o faune murav’ev Srednego Povolzh’ya. Uspekhi Sovremennoj Biologii 127:226-240. PDF