• Borowiec & Salata, 2022: 154 (w.), 155 (q.)
• Junior synonym of Formica rufa: Nylander, 1846a: 902; Foerster, 1850a: 13; Smith, 1855a: 100; Nylander, 1856b: 60; Smith, 1858a: 3; Mayr, 1863a: 420; Roger, 1863b: 12; Forel, 1874: 98 (in list); Emery & Forel, 1879: 450; Dalla Torre, 1893: 208; Wheeler, 1913i: 425; Donisthorpe, 1915f: 245; Emery, 1925d: 253; Donisthorpe, 1927c: 286; Karavaiev, 1936: 240; Stitz, 1939: 328; Gösswald, 1941: 73.
• Status as species: Yarrow, 1955a: 10; Betrem, 1960b: 77 (in key); Collingwood, 1962c: 219; Samšiňák, 1964: 157; Dlussky, 1967a: 91; Bernard, 1967a: 318 (redescription); Kutter, 1968b: 61; Kutter, 1968c: 206; Collingwood & Yarrow, 1969: 94; Pisarski, 1969b: 313; Baroni Urbani, 1971c: 218; Collingwood, 1971: 169; Dlussky & Pisarski, 1971: 180 (redescription); Banert & Pisarski, 1972: 355; Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 7 (in key); Pisarski, 1975: 47; Collingwood, 1976a: 304; Francoeur, 1977b: 208; Kutter, 1977c: 271; Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 554 (in key); Collingwood, 1978: 93 (in key); Collingwood, 1979: 148; Douwes, 1979: 187; Smith, 1979: 1459; Kupyanskaya, 1980: 104; Douwes, 1981b: 217; Kupyanskaya, 1986b: 98; Agosti & Collingwood, 1987a: 59; Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 286 (in key); Nilsson & Douwes, 1987: 85; Gösswald, 1989: 19; Kupyanskaya, 1990a: 198; Atanassov & Dlussky, 1992: 274; Radchenko, 1994b: 114 (in key); Douwes, 1995: 97; Bolton, 1995b: 198; Poldi et al., 1995: 8; Espadaler, 1997g: 28; Gallé et al., 1998: 218; Tinaut & Martínez-Ibañez, 1998d: 37 (in key); Czechowski et al., 2002: 74; Radchenko, 2005b: 163; Bračko, 2006: 147; Petrov, 2006: 113 (in key); Bračko, 2007: 19; Pfeiffer et al., 2007: 4; Seifert, 2007: 317; Werner & Wiezik, 2007: 144; Zryanin & Zryanina, 2007: 233; Casevitz-Weulersse & Galkowski, 2009: 482; Lapeva-Gjonova et al., 2010: 50; Boer, 2010: 25; Legakis, 2011: 36; Borowiec & Salata, 2012: 495; Czechowski et al., 2012: 196; Guénard & Dunn, 2012: 31; Kiran & Karaman, 2012: 11; Borowiec, 2014: 76; Bračko et al., 2014: 19; Lebas et al., 2016: 172; Seifert, 2016a: 14; Radchenko, 2016: 287; Steiner et al., 2017: 9; Salata & Borowiec, 2018c: 44; Seifert, 2018: 329; Werner et al., 2018: 6; Borowiec & Salata, 2020: 6; Seifert, 2021: 164 (diagnosis); Borowiec & Salata, 2022: 154; Bračko, 2023: 166.
• [Note: Seifert, 2021: 152, 173 reports on Formica aquilonia × Formica lugubris hybrids.]
• [Note: Seifert, 2021: 174 reports on Formica pratensis × Formica lugubris hybrids.]
• [Note: Seifert, 2021: 174 reports on Formica lugubris × Formica rufa hybrids.]
• Senior synonym of Formica congerens: Yarrow, 1955a: 5; Dlussky, 1967a: 91; Dlussky & Pisarski, 1971: 180; Bolton, 1995b: 198; Radchenko, 2007: 36; Casevitz-Weulersse & Galkowski, 2009: 482; Radchenko, 2016: 287; Seifert, 2021: 164.
• Senior synonym of Formica rufa montana Sadil, 1953b: Samšiňák, 1964: 157; Dlussky, 1967a: 91; Dlussky & Pisarski, 1971: 180; Bolton, 1995b: 198; Radchenko, 2016: 287.
• Senior synonym of Formica rufa nylanderi: Yarrow, 1955a: 5; Dlussky, 1967a: 91; Bernard, 1967a: 318; Dlussky & Pisarski, 1971: 180; Bolton, 1995b: 198; Seifert, 1996a: 200; Casevitz-Weulersse & Galkowski, 2009: 482; Radchenko, 2016: 287; Seifert, 2021: 164.
• Senior synonym of Formica rufa rufopratensis: Seifert, 2021: 164.
• Senior synonym of Formica santschii: Yarrow, 1955a: 5; Dlussky, 1967a: 91; Bernard, 1967a: 318; Baroni Urbani, 1971c: 219; Dlussky & Pisarski, 1971: 180; Bolton, 1995b: 198; Radchenko, 2016: 287; Seifert, 2021: 165.
• Senior synonym of Formica pratensis unicolor: Dlussky, 1967a: 91; Dlussky & Pisarski, 1971: 180; Bolton, 1995b: 198; Radchenko, 2016: 287; Seifert, 2021: 165.
• Material of the unavailable name Formica rufa rufa tir referred here by Yarrow, 1955a: 5; Bolton, 1995b: 198.

Junior synonyms

• Formica congerens Nylander, 1846
• Formica pratensis unicolor Ruzsky, 1926
• Formica rufa montana Sadil, 1953
• Formica rufa nylanderi Bondroit, 1920
• Formica rufa rufopratensis Forel, 1874
• Formica santschii Wheeler, 1913
  Obsolete combination(s): Formica rufa santschii

Citations

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